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23rd International Summer School for Advances in Biometric Authentication:

Human Interactions and Large Foundation Models

Summer school report

The school main theme addressed the scientific and technological advances observed in the last 20 years, wishing to tide up the knowledge accrued over the past two decades with the current trends in Generative AI and Machine Learning. The school particularly addressed how the most advanced technologies offered by Vision Foundation models can be applied to build automatic systems for personal identification and enhance the user’s experience in man machine interaction.

Several subjects were taught at the summer school forming a total of 29 hours of theoretical lectures from 18 different lecturers and one informal round table.

The subjects ranged from fundamentals, such as machine learning and pattern recognition techniques applied to biometrics, as well as more advanced topics such as neuroscience and applied subjects such as the design of ethical systems, large-scale evaluation and the deployment of biometrics technologies in forensic cases.

This 23rd edition of the summer school, featured a line-up of exceptional lecturers, selected from the editorial boards of top-level scientific journals and conferences.

The keynote, by Prof. Arun Ross, among the most outstanding scientists in the area of Biometrics and Computer Vision, presented a through introduction to biometric technologies, from the basics to the most advanced and challenging research topics. Prof. James Haxby, an outstanding neuroscientist from Dartmouth College, presented a lecture on the representation of visual data in the brain and the topographic mapping to design such representations from fMRI recordings.

Prof. Lior Wolf, from Mentee Robotics and Tel Aviv University, presented an overview of how to deploy deep learning and convolutional neural networks in biometrics. Prof. Massimo Tistarelli, from University of Sassari, proposed a number of open and challenging scientific questions to illustrate the past and the envisioned future of face recognition research.

Prof. Vishal Patel, from Johns Hopkins University, described the scientific challenges and research directions to leverage generative AI and Large Vision models for biometrics. Prof. Francesco Rea, from the Italian Institute of Technology, illustrated how perception and action can cooperate in humanoid robots to improve learning and understanding of the world.

Prof. Michael King, from Florida Tech University, well described the bias effects in the AI models currently deployed and designed for the development of biometric systems. Dr. Wen-Sheng Chu, from Google, discussed the most recent and advanced developments in building large vision and reasoning models for cross-domain tasks.

The complete list of lecturers and the presented lectures is as follows:

  • Monday June 8

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Opening and presentation of the school courses.

    • Alessandro Verri (University of Genova, Italy) Machine Learning for Biometrics.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Face Recognition.

    • Prof Mark Nixon (University of Southampton, UK) Gait and Soft Biometrics.

    • Lior Wolf (Tel Aviv University, Israel) Biometrics, Robotics and Human Interactions.

    • Tomaso Poggio (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Machine Learning and Generative AI: Reflections and Perspectives.

  • Tuesday June 9

    • Vishal Patel (Johns Hopkins University, USA) Exploring Biometrics Through the Lens of Generative AI and Large Vision-Language Models.

    • Raffaele Cappelli (University of Bologna, Italy) Fingerprint Recognition.

    • Michael King (Florida Tech University, USA) Understanding Bias in Biometrics.

    • Nicholas Evans (EURECOM, France) Speaker Recognition, presentation attack detection and ASV spoof.

    • Richard Marriott (Idemia, France) Morphing and Deepfakes.

  • Wednesday June 10

    • Arun Ross (Michigan State University, USA) Introduction to Biometric Recognition.

    • Jonathon Phillips (NIST, USA) Face Recognition Evaluations.

  • Thursday June 11

    • Xiaoming Liu (Michigan State University, USA) Biometric Recognition with Foundation Models.

    • Francesco Rea (Italian Institute of Technology, Italy) Foundation Vision Models for Robotic Perception and Action.

    • James Haxby (Dartmouth College, USA) Commonality of the Fine-Grained Structure of Neural Representations.

    • Ida Gobbini (University of Bologna, Italy) Perception and Recognition of Familiar vs Unfamiliar Faces.

    • Alice O’Toole (University of Texas at Dallas, USA) Face Representations in Deep CNNs.

    • Students presentations:

      • Alexandra Mielke An Annotated Synthetic Large-Scale 3D Dataset with Low-Cost Time-of-flight Data and High-Quality Ground Truth

      • Amber Hayat Fingerprint Template Protection

      • Robert Nichols The Super-Recognizer Advantage in Detecting Digitally Manipulated Faces

  • Friday June 12

    • Dr Wen-Sheng Chu (Google, USA) From Semantic Attention towards Language-Guided Vision for Cross-Domain Tasks.

    • Didier Meuwly (Netherlands Forensic Institute, Netherlands) Forensic Biometrics: the Use of Biometric Data and Databases in Forensic Applications.

    • Christoph Busch (Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany) Biometric Sample Quality: Status and Challenges for Face Recognition Systems.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Concluding remarks and discussion.

22nd International Summer School for Advances in Biometric Authentication:

Biometrics in the Generative AI Era

Summer school report

The school main theme addressed the scientific and technological advances observed in the last 20 years, wishing to tide up the knowledge accrued over the past two decades with the current trends in Generative AI and Machine Learning. The school particularly addressed how the most advanced technologies offered by ML models and Generative AI can be applied to build automatic systems for personal identification and enhance the user’s experience in man machine interaction.

The subjects ranged from fundamentals, such as machine learning and pattern recognition techniques applied to biometrics, as well as more advanced topics such as neuroscience and applied subjects such as the design of ethical systems, large-scale evaluation and the deployment of biometrics technologies in forensic cases.

This 22nd edition of the summer school, featured a line-up of exceptional lecturers, selected from the editorial boards of top-level scientific journals and conferences. The keynote, by Prof. Tomaso Poggio, among the fathers of computational neuroscience and machine learning, presented the most recent findings in developing a theory and a mathematical framework for deep learning, linking Generative AI with the general theme of building intelligent machines.

Prof. James Haxby, an outstanding neuroscientist from Dartmouth College, presented a lecture on the representation of visual data in the brain and the topographic mapping to design such representations from fMRI recordings. Prof. Lior Wolf, from Meta research labs, presented an overview of how to deploy deep learning and convolutional neural networks in biometrics.

Prof. Massimo Tistarelli, from University of Sassari, proposed a number of open and challenging scientific questions to illustrate the past and the envisioned future of face recognition research. Prof. Vishal Patel, from Johns Hopkins University, described the scientific challenges and research directions to design generative AI models for biometrics.

Prof. Michael King, from Florida Tech University, well described the bias effects in the AI models currently deployed and designed for the development of biometric systems. All lecturers, among the most highly reputed experts in their fields, presented the most up-to-date view in Biometric technologies.

The complete list of lecturers and the presented lectures is as follows:

  • Monday June 2

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Opening and presentation of the school courses.

    • Xiaoming Liu (Michigan State University, USA) Biometric Recognition with Foundation Models.

    • Alessandro Verri (University of Genova, Italy) Machine Learning for Biometrics.

    • Prof Mark Nixon (University of Southampton, UK) Gait and Soft Biometrics.

    • Lior Wolf (Tel Aviv University, Israel) Deep Learning for Biometrics.

    • Tomaso Poggio (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Machine Learning and Generative AI: Reflections and Perspectives.

  • Tuesday June 3

    • Nicholas Evans (EURECOM, France) Speaker Recognition.

    • Davide Maltoni (University of Bologna, Italy) Fingerprint Recognition.

    • Alice O’Toole (University of Texas at Dallas, USA) Face and Body Representations in Deep CNNs.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Face Recognition.

    • Emine Krichen (Idemia, France) Exploiting biometrics: An Industrial Perspective.

  • Wednesday June 4

    • Vishal Patel (Johns Hopkins University, USA) Federated Learning for Biometric Applications.

    • Michael King (Florida Tech University, USA) Understanding Bias in Biometrics.

  • Thursday June 5

    • Christoph Busch (Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany) Privacy-preserving Biometrics.

    • Roberto Cipolla (Cambridge University, UK) Geometry, Statistics and Learning in Biometrics..

    • James Haxby (Dartmouth College, USA) Commonality of the Fine-Grained Structure of Neural Representations.

    • Ida Gobbini (University of Bologna, Italy) Perception and Recognition of Familiar vs Unfamiliar Faces.

    • Students presentations:

      • Alexandra Mielke An Annotated Synthetic Large-Scale 3D Dataset with Low-Cost Time-of-flight Data and High-Quality Ground Truth

      • Amber Hayat Fingerprint Template Protection

      • Robert Nichols The Super-Recognizer Advantage in Detecting Digitally Manipulated Faces

    • Friday June 6

      • Didier Meuwly (Netherlands Forensic Institute, Netherlands) Forensic Biometrics: the Use of Biometric Data and Databases in Forensic Applications.

      • Sebastiano Battiato (University of Catania, Italy) Deepfakes and Biometrics: Generative AI, Detection Challenges, and Research Perspectives.

      • Jonathon Phillips (NIST, USA) Face Recognition Evaluations.

      • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Concluding remarks and discussion.

21st International Summer School for Advances in Biometric Authentication:

Biometrics: Trustful, Fair and Privacy-friendly

Summer school report

The school main theme addressed the scientific and technological advances observed in the last 20 years, wishing to tide up the knowledge accrued over the past two decades with the current trends in AI and related fields. The school particularly addressed how the most advanced technologies can be applied to build automatic systems for personal recognition which are fair and trustful while preserving the user’s privacy.

Several subjects were taught at the summer school forming a total of 29 hours of theoretical lectures from 21 different lecturers and one informal round table.

The subjects ranged from fundamentals, such as machine learning and pattern recognition techniques applied to biometrics, as well as more advanced topics such as neuroscience and applied subjects such as the design of ethical systems, large-scale evaluation and the deployment of biometrics technologies in forensic cases.

This 21st edition of the summer school, featured a line-up of exceptional lecturers, selected from the editorial boards of top-level scientific journals and conferences. The keynote, by prof. Anil Jain, among the fathers of today’s Biometrics, presented an overview of the progress made in the last two decades and the current state of the art in Biometric technologies and the most promising applications for future developments.

Prof. Tomaso Poggio, among the fathers of computational neuroscience and machine learning, presented a keynote on the most recent findings in developing a theory and a mathematical framework for deep learning. Prof. James Haxby, an outstanding neuroscientist from Dartmouth College, presented a lecture on the representation of visual data in the brain and the topographic mapping to design such representations from fMRI recordings.

Prof. Lior Wolf, from Meta research labs, presented an overview of how to deploy deep learning and convolutional neural networks in biometrics. Prof. Arun Ross, from Michigan State University, presented a lecture on the use of generative AI in biometrics. Prof. Massimo Tistarelli, from University of Sassari, proposed a number of open and challenging scientific questions to illustrate the past and the envisioned future of face recognition research.

Prof. Anoop Namboodiri, from IIT Hyderabad, described the scientific challenges and research outcomes resulting from the most massive deployment of biometrics: the AADHAAR system in India. Prof. Michael King, from Florida Tech University, well described the bias effects in the AI models currently deployed and designed for the development of biometric systems.

All lecturers, among the most highly reputed experts in their fields, presented the most up-to-date view in Biometric technologies.

The complete list of lecturers and the presented lectures is as follows:

  • Monday June 3

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Opening and presentation of the school courses.

    • Vishal Patel (Johns Hopkins University, USA) Federated Learning for Biometric Applications.

    • Alessandro Verri (University of Genova, Italy) Machine Learning (for Biometrics).

    • Anil Jain (Michigan State University, USA) Introduction to Biometrics.

    • Lior Wolf (Tel Aviv University, Israel) Deep Learning for Biometrics.

    • Xiaoming Liu (Michigan State University, USA) Biometric Recognition at a Distance.

  • Tuesday June 4

    • Nicholas Evans (EURECOM, France) Speaker Recognition.

    • Davide Maltoni (University of Bologna, Italy) Hands on Fingerprint Recognition with OpenCV and Python.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) 30 Years of Face Recognition Research.

    • Tomaso Poggio (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Machine Learning: Recent Progress in Approximation, Optimization and Generalization.

  • Wednesday June 5

    • Christoph Busch (Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany) Privacy-preserving Biometrics.

    • Arun Ross (Michigan State University, USA) Trustworthy Biometrics and Generative AI.

  • Thursday June 6

    • Prof Mark Nixon (University of Southampton, UK) Gait and Soft biometrics and some practical issues.

    • Jonathon Phillips (NIST, USA) 30 Years of Face Recognition Evaluations.

    • James Haxby (Dartmouth College, USA) Commonality of the Fine-Grained Structure of Neural Representations.

    • Ida Gobbini (University of Bologna, Italy) Mechanisms for Face Recognition in Humans.

    • Alice O’Toole (University of Texas at Dallas, USA) Face and Body Representations in Deep CNNs.

    • Eric Poiret (Idemia, France) Exploiting biometrics: An Industrial Perspective.

  • Friday June 7

    • Anoop Namboodiri (IIT Hyderabad) Towards billion-scale search for biometric de-duplication

    • Didier Meuwly (Netherlands Forensic Institute, Netherlands) Forensic Biometrics: the Use of Biometric Data and Databases in Forensic Applications.

    • Michael King (Florida Tech University, USA) Understanding Bias in Biometrics.

    • Emilio Mordini (Responsible Technology, France) Biometrics Physical Privacy.

    • Prof. Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Concluding remarks and discussion.

20th International Summer School for Advances in Biometric Authentication:

20 Years of Biometrics: Reflections and Outlooks

Summer school report

The school main theme addressed the scientific and technological advances observed in the last 20 years, wishing to tide up the knowledge accrued over the past two decades with the current trends in AI and related fields. The school particularly addressed how the most advanced technologies for personal recognition impact now the society and how they can be applied for social good.

Several subjects were taught at the summer school forming a total of 30 hours of theoretical lectures from 20 different lecturers, two informal round tables and one panel session.

The subjects ranged from fundamentals, such as machine learning and pattern recognition techniques applied to biometrics, as well as more advanced topics such as neuroscience and applied subjects such as the design of ethical systems, large-scale evaluation and the deployment of biometrics technologies in forensic cases.

This 20th edition of the summer school, featured a line-up of exceptional lecturers, selected from the editorial boards of top-level scientific journals and conferences. The opening, by prof. Anil Jain, among the fathers of today’s Biometrics, presented an overview of the progress made in the last two decades and the current state of the art in Biometric technologies and the most promising applications for future developments.

Prof. Tomaso Poggio, among the fathers of computational neuroscience and machine learning, presented a keynote on the most recent findings in developing a theory and a mathematical framework for deep learning. Prof. James Haxby, an outstanding neuroscientist from Dartmouth College, presented a lecture on the representation of visual data in the brain and the topographic mapping to design such representations from fMRI recordings. Prof. Tal Hassner, from Meta research labs, presented an overview of how to deploy deep learning and convolutional neural networks in biometrics.

Prof. Arun Ross, from Michigan State University, presented a lecture on iris and periocular biometrics. Prof. Massimo Tistarelli, from University of Sassari, proposed a number of open and challenging scientific questions to illustrate the past and the envisioned future of face recognition research.

Prof. Anoop Namboodiri, from IIT Hyderabad, described the scientific challenges and research outcomes resulting from the most massive deployment of biometrics: the AADHAAR system in India. Prof. Michael King, from Florida Tech University, well described the bias effects in the AI models currently deployed and designed for the development of biometric systems.

 

Given the recent Covid-19 outbreak, all school sessions were delivered in hybrid mode, allowing participants on site and connected remotely to follow all lectures. Several technological platforms have been used to facilitate the engagement of all participants and to maximize the benefits of ongoing discussions, also without the physical presence.

The complete list of lecturers and the presented lectures is as follows:

  • Monday June 5

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Opening and presentation of the school courses.

    • Anil Jain (Michigan State University, USA) 20 Years of Biometrics: Reflections and Outlooks.

    • Alessandro Verri (University of Genova, Italy) Machine Learning (for Biometrics).

    • Prof Mark Nixon (University of Southampton, UK) Gait and Soft biometrics and some practical issues.

    • Tal Hassner (Meta, USA) Deep Learning for Biomerics.

    • Tomaso Poggio (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Deep Learning: Compositional Sparsity.

  • Tuesday June 6

    • Nicholas Evans (EURECOM, France) Speaker Recognition.

    • Davide Maltoni (University of Bologna, Italy) Hands on Fingerprint Recognition with OpenCV and Python.

    • Arun Ross (Michigan State University, USA) Iris and Peri-ocular Recognition.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) 30 Years of Face Recognition Research: Reflections and Outlooks.

    • Christoph Busch (Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany) Morphing Attack Detection.

  • Wednesday June 7

    • Jonathon Phillips (NIST, USA) 30 Years of Face Recognition Evaluations.

    • Vishal Patel (Johns Hopkins University, USA) Federated Learning for Biometric Applications.

  • Thursday June 8

    • James Haxby (Dartmouth College, USA) Commonality of the Fine-Grained Structure of Neural Representations.

    • Ida Gobbini (University of Bologna, Italy) Mechanisms for Face Recognition in Humans.

    • Panel session on 20 Years of Biometrics (Anil Jain, Michael King, Alice O’Toole, Jonathon Phillips) moderated by Arun Ross.

    • Fernando Ducay (Armatura, USA) AI in Security fo Biometrics

    • Alice O’Toole (University of Texas at Dallas, USA) Understanding face representations in deep CNNs: Turning the Black Box White.

    • Laurent Kazdaghli (Idemia, France) Exploiting biometrics: An Industrial Perspective.

  • Friday June 9

    • Didier Meuwly (Netherlands Forensic Institute, Netherlands) Forensic biometrics: the use of biometric data and databases in forensic applications.

    • Michael King (Florida Tech University, USA) Understanding Bias in Biometrics.

    • Emilio Mordini (Responsible Technology, France) Biometrics, Ethics and Algorithms.

    • Prof. Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Concluding remarks and discussion.

19th International Summer School for Advances in Biometric Authentication:

Continually Learning Biometrics

Summer school report

The school main theme was related to the “continual learning” paradigm, which both involves the way we build machines capable of learning from their experience, but also the need for students and professionals to learn continuously to build better systems and capitalize from experience. The school particularly addressed how the most advanced technologies for personal recognition may impact the society and how it can applied for social good.

Despite the Covid-19 outbreak, this has been by far, among the best school editions both for the large participation, and the outstanding lecturers.

Several subjects were taught at the summer school forming a total of 30 hours of theoretical lectures from 20 different lecturers and several hours of guided practical sessions using MatLab[1] tools.

The subjects ranged from fundamentals, such as machine learning and pattern recognition techniques applied to biometrics, as well as more advanced topics such as neuroscience and applied subjects such as continual learning, large-scale evaluation and the deployment of biometrics technologies in forensic cases.

This 19th edition of the summer school, featured a line-up of exceptional lecturers, selected from the editorial boards of top-level scientific journals and conferences. The opening, by prof. Anil Jain, among the fathers of today’s Biometrics, presented the fundamentals and an overview of the state of the art in Biometric technologies and the open problems.

Prof. Tomaso Poggio, among the fathers of computational neuroscience and machine learning, presented a keynote on the most recent findings in developing a theory and a mathematical framework for deep learning. Prof. John Daugman, the first to propose the use of human iris for recognition, developed a lecture on the role of entropy in the sensorial data for identification and applied his findings to iris recognition.

Prof. James Haxby, an outstanding neuroscientist from Dartmouth College, presented a lecture on the representation of visual data in the brain and the topographic mapping to design such representations from fMRI recordings. Prof. Lior Wolf, from Facebook research labs, presented an overview of how to deploy deep learning and convolutional neural networks in biometrics. Prof. Arun Ross, from Michigan State University, presented a lecture on iris and periocular biometrics. All lecturers, among the most highly reputed experts in their fields, presented the most up-to-date view in Biometric technologies.

Given the current Covid-19 outbreak, all school sessions were delivered in hybrid mode, allowing participants on site and connected remotely to follow all lectures. Several technological platforms have been used to facilitate the engagement of all participants and to maximize the benefits of ongoing discussions, also without the physical presence.

[1] The school committee is grateful to MathwWorks for providing a special trial version of MatLab software, specifically for the school students to develop the practical sessions.

The complete list of lecturers and the presented lectures is as follows:

  • Monday June 6

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Opening and presentation of the school courses.

    • Anil Jain (Michigan State University, USA) Introduction to Biometrics.

    • Alessandro Verri (University of Genova, Italy) Machine Learning for Biometrics.

    • Prof Mark Nixon (University of Southampton, UK) On Gait and Soft biometrics and some practical issues.

    • Tomaso Poggio (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Thoughts on Machine Learning.

    • Thirimachos Bourlai (West Virginia University, USA) Practical biometric recognition systems and project – PART 1.

  • Tuesday June 7

    • Vincenzo Lomonaco (University of Pisa, Italy) Introduction to Continual Learning.

    • Davide Maltoni (University of Bologna, Italy) Hands on Fingerprint Recognition with OpenCV and Python.

    • Arun Ross (Michigan State University, USA) Biometrics and image forensics.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Face recognition in the wild: Challenges and perspectives.

    • Christoph Busch (Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany) Morphing Attack Detection – State of the Art and Challenges.

  • Wednesday June 8

    • John Daugman (Cambridge University, UK) Big Biometric Entropy: Collision Avoidance on a Global Scale.

    • Nicholas Evans (EURECOM, France) Speaker Recognition, Spoofing and ASV Spoof.

    • Alice O’Toole (University of Texas at Dallas, USA) Understanding face representations in deep CNNs.

    • James Haxby (Dartmouth College, USA) Commonality of the Fine-Grained Structure of Neural Representations.

    • Ida Gobbini (University of Bologna, Italy) Individual Differences in the Neural System for Face Perception and Recognition.

  • Thursday June 9

    • Lior Wolf (Tel Aviv University and Facebook, Israel) Deep learning for biometrics: from technologies to meta-technologies.

    • Jonathon Phillips (NIST, USA) Evaluations for Face Recognition and Explainable AI for Biometrics.

    • Dora Csillag (Idemia, France) Exploiting biometrics: An Industrial Perspective.

  • Friday June 10

    • Emilio Mordini (Responsible Technology, France) Ethical Implications of Biometric Recognition.

    • Didier Meuwly (Netherlands Forensic Institute, Netherlands) Forensic biometrics: the use of biometric data and databases in forensic applications.

    • Thirimachos Bourlai (West Virginia University, USA) Practical biometric recognition systems and project – PART 2.

    • Vishal Patel (Johns Hopkins University, USA) Federated Learning for Biometric Applications.

    • Prof. Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Concluding remarks and discussion.

18th International Summer School for Advances in Biometric Authentication:

Biometrics for AI/AI for Biometrics

Summer school report

The school main theme was related to the mutual benefit of Biometrics and current deep learning approaches, and how biometric technologies can advance the state of the art in the design of intelligent machines.

Despite the Covid-19 outbreak, this has been for the second time in a row, among the best school editions both for the large participation, the highest in the past 20 years, and the outstanding lecturers, some of them could never present a lecture in the past editions.

Several subjects were taught at the summer school forming a total of 36 hours of theoretical lectures from 21 different lecturers and several hours of guided practical sessions using MatLab [1] tools. The subjects ranged from fundamentals, such as machine learning and pattern recognition techniques applied to biometrics, as well as more advanced topics such as neuroscience and applied subjects such as humanoid robotics, large-scale evaluation and the deployment of biometrics technologies in forensic cases.

This 18th edition of the summer school, featured a line-up of exceptional lecturers, some who established the foundations of Biometrics and AI, and also selected from the editorial boards of top-level scientific journals. Prof. Tomaso Poggio, among the fathers of computational neuroscience and machine learning, presented a keynote on the most recent findings in developing a theory and a mathematical framework for deep learning.

Prof. James Haxby, an outstanding neuroscientist, presented a lecture on the representation of visual data in the brain and the topographic mapping to design such representations from fMRI recordings. Prof. John Daugman, the first to propose the use of iris to perform recognition and the inventor, among many patents, of the iris code.

Prof. Arun Ross, from Michigan State University, presented a lecture on the commonalities between Biometrics and AI. Prof. Anil Jain, among the fathers of today’s Biometrics, presented a quick overview of the state of the art in Biometric technologies and the open problems for the future. All lecturers, among the most highly reputed experts in their fields, presented the most up-to-date view in Biometric technologies and Forensic applications.

Two round tables has been held during the week, to summarize the key elements emerged from the lectures and to wrap up some conclusions on the future for Biometrics and AI.

Given the current Covid-19 outbreak several technological platforms have been used to facilitate the student’s engagement and to maximize the benefits of ongoing discussions without the physical presence. A major constraint to be faced was the variety of time zones from which the participants and the lecturers were connected. This required, in the last two months before the school, to carefully design the schedule, and to adapt the format of the lectures to be best followed despite of the very early or very late time of the day.

[1] The school commttee is grateful to MathwWorks for providing a special trial version of MatLab software, specifically for the school students to develop the practical sessions.

The complete list of lecturers and the presented lectures is as follows:

  • Sunday June 7

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Opening and presentation of the school courses.

    • Thirimachos Bourlai (West Virginia University, USA) Practical Biometric Systems and Project- PART 1.

  • Monday June 8

    • Alessandro Verri (University of Genova, Italy) Machine Learning for Biometrics.

    • Lior Wolf (Tel Aviv University and Facebook, Israel) Deep Learning for Biometrics: from Technologies to Meta-technologies.

    • Vishal Patel (Johns Hopkins University, USA) Federated Learning for Biometric Applications.

    • Anil Jain (Michigan State University, USA) Biometrics: Past, Present and Future.

Round table 1 – moderated by Prof. Enrico Grosso: Research directions in Biometrics for AI and AI for Biometrics

  • Nixon; V. Patel; A. Verri; L. Wolf.

  • Tuesday June 9

    • Davide Maltoni (University of Bologna, Italy) Hands on Fingerprint Recognition with OpenCV and Python.

    • John Daugman (Cambridge University, UK) Big Biometric Entropy: Collision Avoidance on a Global Scale.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) AI for Face-based Human Recognition.

    • Prof Mark Nixon (University of Southampton, UK) On Gait and Soft biometrics.

    • Christoph Busch (Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany) Morphing attack detection.

  • Wednesday June 10

    • Nicholas Evans (EURECOM, France) Speaker Recognition, Spoofing and ASV Spoof.

    • Giulio Sandini (Italian Institute of Technology, Italy) From Computer Vision to iCub and the Quest for Cognition.

    • James Haxby (Dartmouth College, USA) Commonality of the Fine-Grained Structure of Neural Representations.

    • Alice O’Toole (University of Texas at Dallas, USA) Understanding face representations in deep CNNs: Face space theory evolves.

    • Ida Gobbini (University of Bologna, Italy) Individual Differences in the Neural System for Face Perception and Recognition.

  • Thursday June 11

    • Laurent Kazdaghli (Idemia, France) Exploiting Biometrics: An Industrial Perspective.

    • Jonathon Phillips (NIST, USA) Evaluations for Face Recognition and Explainable AI for Biometrics.

    • Arun Ross (Michigan State University, USA) AI and Biometrics: Oppurtunities and Challenges.

    • Tomaso Poggio (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Observations on deep puzzles.

Round table 2 – moderated by Prof. Alice O’Toole: Research directions in Biometrics for AI and AI for Biometrics

  • Phillips; D. Meuwly; T. Poggio; A. Ross.

  • Friday June 12

    • Didier Meuwly (Netherlands Forensic Institute, Netherlands) Forensic biometrics: the Use of Biometric Data and Databases in Forensic Applications.

    • Thirimachos Bourlai (West Virginia University, USA) Practical Biometric Systems and Project – PART 2.

    • Emilio Mordini (Responsible Technology, France) Ethics of Biometrics: an Overview.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Concluding remarks and discussion.

17th International Summer School for Advances in Biometric Authentication:

Biometrics, Forensics and Identity Science for Human-Centered Applications

Summer school report

The school main theme was related to the application of biometrics and forensic science into human-centered scenarios and applications. The school particularly addressed how the most advanced technologies for personal recognition may impact the society and how it can applied for social good.

Despite the Covid-19 outbreak, this has been by far, among the best school editions both for the large participation, the highest in almost 20 years, and the outstanding lecturers, some of them, for several reasons, could never present a lecture in the past editions.

Several subjects were taught at the summer school forming a total of 39 hours of theoretical lectures from 25 different lecturers and several hours of guided practical sessions using MatLab [1] tools. The subjects ranged from fundamentals, such as machine learning and pattern recognition techniques applied to biometrics, as well as more advanced topics such as neuroscience and applied subjects such as biometric template protection, large-scale evaluation and the deployment of biometrics technologies in forensic cases.

This 17th edition of the summer school, featured a line-up of exceptional lecturers, selected from the editorial boards of top-level scientific journals and conferences. Prof. Tomaso Poggio, among the fathers of computational neuroscience and machine learning, presented a keynote on the most recent findings in developing a theory and a mathematical framework for deep learning. Prof. Kevin Bowyer, actual Editor in Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Biometrics and Identity Science, exposed the most recent advances in the understanding of the potential bias in current face recognition systems.

Prof. James Haxby, an outstanding neuroscientist, presented a lecture on the representation of visual data in the brain and the topographic mapping to design such representations from fMRI recordings. Prof. Lior Wolf, from Facebook research labs, presented an overview of how to deploy deep learning and convolutional neural networks in biometrics. Prof. Arun Ross, from Michigan State University, presented a lecture on the commonalities between Biometrics and Image Forensics.

On the last day, prof. Anil Jain, among the fathers of today’s Biometrics, presented a quick overview of the state of the art in Biometric technologies and the open problems allowing the students to participate in an animated Questions and Answers session. All lecturers, among the most highly reputed experts in their fields, presented the most up-to-date view in Biometric technologies and Forensic applications.

[1] The school committee is grateful to MathwWorks for providing a special trial version of MatLab software, specifically for the school students to develop the practical sessions.

Given the current Covid-19 outbreak several technological platforms have been used to facilitate the student’s engagement and to maximize the benefits of ongoing discussions without the physical presence. A major constraint to be faced was the variety of time zones from which the participants and the lecturers were connected. This required, in the last two months before the school, to carefully re-design the originally planned schedule, and to adapt the format of the lectures to be best followed despite of the very early or very late time of the day.

The complete list of lecturers and the presented lectures is as follows:

  • Sunday June 7

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Opening and presentation of the school courses.

    • Thirimachos Bourlai (West Virginia University, USA) Practical biometric recognition systems and project – PART 1.

    • Michele Nappi (University of Salerno, Italy) Iris recognition: Fundamentals.

    • Michele Nappi (University of Salerno, Italy) Iris recognition: Challenges.

  • Monday June 8

    • Alessandro Verri (University of Genova, Italy) Machine learning for biometrics.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Face recognition in the wild: Challenges and perspectives.

    • Lior Wolf (Tel Aviv University and Facebook, Israel) Deep learning for biometrics: from technologies to meta-technologies.

    • Tomaso Poggio (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Deep learning for biometrics: from technologies to meta-technologies.

    • Kevin Bowyer (University of Notre Dame, USA) What does it even mean for face recognition to be biased, sexist, racist, etc?

  • Tuesday June 9

    • Raffaele Cappelli (University of Bologna, Italy) Fingerprint recognition.

    • Prof Mark Nixon (University of Southampton, UK) Soft biometrics for human identification.

    • Fantin Girard (Idemia, France) Exploiting biometrics: Diving in the deep.

    • Rama Chellappa (University of Maryland, USA) Shallow and Deep Representations for Video- based Face Recognition.

  • Wednesday June 10

    • Zhenan Sun (Chinese Academy of Science) Iris recognition.

    • Alice O’Toole (University of Texas at Dallas, USA) Understanding face representations in deep CNNs: Face space theory evolves.

    • James Haxby (Dartmouth College, USA) Modeling the shared information encoded in fine-scale cortical topographies.

    • Ida Gobbini (University of Bologna, Italy) Individual Differences in the Neural System for Face Perception and Recognition.

    • Vishal Patel (Rutgers University, USA) Continuous authentication in the mobile world.

  • Thursday June 11

    • John Mason (University of Swansea, UK) Speaker recognition.

    • Jonathon Phillips (NIST, USA) Competitions in face recognition and visual biometrics.

    • Arun Ross (Michigan State University, USA) Biometrics and image forensics.

    • Christoph Busch (Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany) Privacy protection.

    • Ioannis Kakadiaris (University of Houston, USA) Looking at Humans: How can attributes help?

  • Friday June 12

    • Didier Meuwly (Netherlands Forensic Institute, Netherlands) Forensic biometrics: the use of biometric data and databases in forensic applications.

    • Anil Jain (Michigan State University, USA) Biometrics Q&A.

    • Thirimachos Bourlai (West Virginia University, USA) Practical biometric recognition systems and project – PART 2.

    • Emilio Mordini (Responsible Technology, France) Ethical Implications of Biometric Recognition.

    • Massimo Tistarelli (University of Sassari, Italy) Concluding remarks and discussion.

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